American Indian-made Episcopal religious pieces belonging to Bishop Whipple indicate an acceptance of Indian perspectives, and a blending of religious belief systems.
In the late 1800s Bishop Henry Whipple helped develop a national program to train Indian women in the art of lace making. The program's goal was to create a cottage industry for products to sell on the East Coast.
American Indians have made beaded bands or 'chains' for personal use and for sale to tourists in the United States since the 1830s, and they continue to be made and sold today.
Ribbonwork is an indigenous North American art. While the materials involved are almost entirely of European origin and production, the work itself is firmly rooted in pre-contact techniques and artistic expressions.